Trust Registration Act

THE INDIAN TRUSTS ACT, 1882

Interpretation-clause "trust":-A "trust" is an obligationannexed to the ownership of property, and arising out of a confidence reposed in and accepted by the owner, or declared and accepted by him, for the benefit of another, orof another and the owner:"author of the trust": the person who reposes or declares the confidence is called the "author of the trust": the person who accepts the confidence is called the "trustee": the person for whose benefit the confidence is accepted is called the "beneficiary": the subject-matter of the trust is called "trust-property" or "trust money": the "beneficial interest" or "interest" of the beneficiary is his right against the trustee as owner of the trust-property; and the instrument, if any, by which the trust is declared is called the "instrument of trust": "trustee": "beneficiary": "trust-property": "beneficial interest": "instrument of trust": "breach of trust": a breach of any duty imposed on a trustee, as such, by any law for the time being in force, is called a "breach of trust": "registered":"notice":

THE CREATION OF TRUSTS
4. Lawful purpose.-A trust may be created for any lawful purpose.- The purpose of a trust is lawful unless it is (a) forbidden by law, or (b) is of such a nature that, if permitted, it would defeat the provisions of any law, or (c) is fraudulent, or (d) involves or implies injury to the person or property of another, or (e) the Court regards it as immoral or opposed to public policy. Every trust of which the purpose is unlawful is void. And where a trust is created for two purposes, of which one is lawful and the other unlawful, and the two purposes cannot be separated, the whole
trust is void. Explanation.--In this section the expression "law" includes, where the trust-property is immoveable and situate in a foreign country, the law of such country.
Illustrations
(a) A conveys property to B in trust to apply the profits to the nurture of female foundlings to be trained up as prostitutes. The trust is void.
(b) A bequeaths property to B in trust to employ it in carrying on a smuggling business, and out of the profits thereof to support A's children. The trust is void.
(c) A, while in insolvent circumstances, transfers property to B in trust for A during his life, and after his death for B. A is declared an insolvent. The trust for A is invalid as against his creditors. Trust of immoveable property.-No trust in relation to immoveable property is valid unless declared by a non-testamentary instrument in writing signed by the author of the trust or the trustee and registered, or by the will of the author of the trust or of the trustee.
Trust of moveable property.-No trust in relation to moveable property is valid unless declared as aforesaid, or unless the ownership of the property is transferred to the trustee. These rules do not apply where they would operate so as to effectuate a fraud. Creation of trust.-Subject to the provisions of section 5, a trust is created when the author of the trust indicates with reasonable certainty by any words or acts (a) an intention on his part to create thereby a trust, (b) the purpose of the trust, (c) the beneficiary, and (d) the trust-property, and (unless the trust is declared by will or the author of the trust is himself to be thetrustee) transfers the trust-property to the trustee. Who may create trusts.-A trust may be created-- (a) by every person competent to contract, 1* and, (b) with the permission of a principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction, by or on behalf of a minor; but subject in each case to the law for the time being in force as to the circumstances and extent in and to which the author of the trust may dispose of the trust-property. Subject of trust.-The subject-matter of a trust must be property transferable to the beneficiary. It must not be merely beneficial interest under a subsisting trust. Who may be beneficiary. Disclaimer by beneficiary.-Everyperson capable of holding property may be a beneficiary. A proposed beneficiary may renounce his interest under the trust by disclaimer addressed to the trustee, or by setting up, with notice of the trust, a claim inconsistent therewith. Who may be trustee.-Every person capable of holding property may be a trustee; but, where the trust involves the exercise of discretion, he cannot execute it unless he is competent to contract. No one bound to accept trust. marginal heading. No one is bound to accept a trust. Acceptance of trust.
marginal heading. A trust is accepted by any words or acts of the trustee indicating with reasonable certainty such acceptance. Disclaimer of trust. marginal heading. Instead of accepting a trust, the intended trustee may, within a reasonable period, disclaim it, and such disclaimer shall prevent thetrust-property from vesting in him.
A disclaimer by one of two or more co-trustees vests the trustproperty in the other or others, and makes him or them sole trustee or trustees from the date of the creation of the trust. Trustee to protect title to trust-property.-A trustee is bound to maintain and defend all such suits, and (subject to the provisions of the instrument of trust) to take such other steps as, regard being had to the nature and amount or value of the trustproperty, may be reasonably requisite for the preservation of the
trust-property and the assertion or protection of the title thereto.